Nuclear Reporting
In a reactor unit of the Fukushima No.1 Nuclear Power Plant, nuclear fuel in the pressure vessel was exposed out of water filled in the vessel due to the big earthquake/tsunami and lost electricity.
Then fuel got heated and started to partially melt. Radioactive material got into the water and then leaked from piping connecting the pressure vessel with a turbine system in a different building. So, the water including radioactive material dropped on the floor of the turbine building. The problem is that the amount of leaked water radioactively contaminated was tons and could be tens of tons or probably hundreds of tons eventually.
In one million kilo-watt nuclear power generator, it is said 400 tons of water is used for taking heat from fuel, turning a turbine, and cooling fuel again.
In other word, 100 tons of contaminated water could leak from the piping between the pressure reactor and the turbine building.
Now, it is suspected that tons of such water leaked onto the turbine building floor and further to a trench running down into the ground from the turbine building to its outside and peripheral 50 to 60 meters from the shore facing the North Pacific Ocean.
The trench is said to be big enough for a man to walk through, since it was installed for laying pipes and cables connecting each reactor unit while one unit building has a width of almost 100 meters.
PART 28-6:
NewScientist:
Yomiuri Daily Online reports that "many types of radioactive substances" have also been detected in seawater near the plant, including iodine-131, barium-140, lanthanum-140 and tellurium-132.
According to Yomiuri, based on the type of radioactive substances found in the seawater, the culprit is most likely to be damaged pipes connected to nuclear reactors that are discharging into the sea.
This would indicate the plant is leaking radiation from at least two sources: pipes and its core. Kyodo reports that radiation exceeding 1000 millisieverts per hour was detected in water in a trench outside the no. 2 reactor's turbine building yesterday afternoon.
As for possible leaks of plutonium from the mixed-oxide fuel reactor at no. 2, NHK reports that TEPCO say it is checking soil samples from around the plant for plutonium and will announce the results in a few days.
http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2011/03/fukushima-may-have-experienced.html?DCMP=OTC-rss&nsref=online-news
PART 28-5:
Tokyo Electric Power Company:
Press Release (Mar 28,2011)
Plant Status of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (as of 12:00 AM Mar 28th)
[No update from the last release issued at 8:30 pm, March 27th]
All 6 units of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station have been shut down.
Unit 1 (Shut down)
- Explosive sound and white smoke were confirmed after the big quake occurred at 3:36 pm Mar 12th. It was assumed to be hydrogen explosion.
- At approximately 2:30 am on March 23rd, seawater was started to be injected to the nuclear reactor through the feed water system.
- At approximately 10:50 am on March 24th, white fog-like steam arising from the roof part of the reactor building was observed.
- At approximately 11:30 am on March 24th, lights in the main control room was restored.
- We had been injecting sea water into the reactor, but from 3:37 pm on March 25th, we started injecting fresh water into it.
Unit 2 (Shut down)
- At approximately 6:00 am on March 15th, an abnormal noise began emanating from nearby Pressure Suppression Chamber and the pressure within this chamber decreased.
- At 6:20 pm on March 21st, white smoke was confirmed arising from the top of the reactor building. As of 7:11 am on March 22nd, smoke decreased to the level to nearly non-existent.
- We have been injecting sea water into the reactor, but from 10:10 am on March 26th, we started injecting fresh water (with boric acid) into it.
- At approximately 4:46 pm on March 26nd, the light in the main control room was turned on.
- Previously, we have been injecting fresh water in to the reactor utilizing fire pump, however, we have switched over to utilizing temporary electrical pump from 6:31 pm on March 27th.
Unit 3 (Shut down)
- Explosive sound and white smoke were confirmed at 11:01am March 4th. It was assumed to be hydrogen explosion.
- At 8:30am on March 16th, fog like steam was confirmed arising from the reactor building.
- At approximately 6:15 am on March 17th the pressure of the Suppression Chamber has temporarily increased. We were preparing to implement measures to reduce the pressure of the reactor containment vessel (partial discharge of air containing radioactive material to outside) in order to fully secure safety. However, at present, it is not a situation to immediately implement measures and discharge air containing radioactive material to outside. We will continue to monitor the status of the pressure of the reactor containment vessel.
- At approximately 4:00 pm, March 21st, light gray smoke was confirmed arising from the floor roof of the Unit 3 building. On March 22nd, the color of smoke changed to somewhat white and it is slowly dissipating.
- At approximately 10:45 pm on March 22nd, the light in the main control room was turned on.
- At around 4:20 pm on March 23rd, our staff confirmed light black smoke belching from the Unit 3 building. At approximately 11:30 pm on March 23rd and 4:50 am on March 24th, our employee found no signs of smoke.
- We had been injecting sea water into the reactor pressure vessel, but from 6:02 pm on March 25th, we started injecting fresh water into it.
...
Today's work for cooling the spent fuel pools
- We are considering further spraying subject to the conditions of spent fuel pools.
Casualty
- 2 workers of cooperative firm were injured at the occurrence of the earthquake, and were transported to the hospital on March 11th.
...
- On March 24th, it was confirmed that 3 workers from cooperative companies who were in charge of cable laying work in the 1st floor and the underground floor of turbine building were exposed to the radiation dose of more than 170 mSv. 2 of them were confirmed that their skins on legs were contaminated. Although they were decontaminated, since there was a possibility of beta ray burn injury, they were transferred to Fukushima Medical University Hospital. The third worker was also transferred to Fukushima Medical University Hospital on March 25th. After that, the 3 workers were transferred to National Institute of Radiological Sciences in Chiba Prefecture.
Regarding this event, TEPCO has reported to the related government ministries and agencies on measures to be taken to assure appropriate radiation dose control and radiation exposure related operations.Before today's restoration work, we will make notification to the concerned parties and continue to take all possible measures to future management.
http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/press/corp-com/release/11032802-e.html?amp&
PART 28-4:
China News:
Radiation from Japan n-plant detected in China
China News.Net
Sunday 27th March, 2011 (IANS)
Low levels of radiation from the quake-hit Fukushima nuclear plant in Japan has been detected in northeast China, authorities said.
The National Nuclear Emergency Coordination Committee confirmed Saturday that an 'infinitesimal' amount of radioactive iodine-131 was detected in the atmosphere in Heilongjiang province, according to China Daily.
The radiation was detected in monitoring stations in Dongning, Hulin, Raohe and Wusu townships, said Xu Lijuan, a senior radiation monitoring official.
However, the amount was only one-hundred-thousandth the normal level, and hence no protective measures were needed.
http://www.chinanews.net/story/761147/ht/Radiation-from-Japan-n-plant-detected-in-China
PART 28-3:
BBC:
28 March 2011 Last updated at 06:55 GMT
Japan nuclear plant data error was 'unacceptable'
The Japanese government has attacked the operator of a crippled nuclear plant for "unacceptable" mistakes.
The Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco) had said radiation levels were 10m times higher than normal before correcting the figure to 100,000 times...
Japan's nuclear watchdog said the level of radiation in water near reactor 2 was confirmed at 1,000 millisieverts an hour.
"It is an extremely high figure," said spokesman Hidehiko Nishiyama.
The radiation levels are so high, that emergency workers near the contaminated water would have received four times their maximum annual dose of radiation in just one hour.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12877198
PART 28-2:
TIME:
Officials: Spike at Japan Nuke Plant an Error
By AP / YURI KAGEYAMA AND MARI YAMAGUCHI Sunday, Mar. 27, 2011
On Sunday night, though, plant operators said that while the water was contaminated with radiation, the extremely high reading was a mistake. "The number is not credible," said Tokyo Electric Power Co. spokesman Takashi Kurita. "We are very sorry"...
Officials say they still don't know where the radioactive water is coming from, though government spokesman Yukio Edano has said some is "almost certainly" seeping from a cracked reactor core in one of the units...
Just outside the coastal Fukushima nuclear plant, radioactivity in seawater tested about 1,250 times higher than normal last week — but that number had climbed to 1,850 times normal by the weekend. Hidehiko Nishiyama, a nuclear safety official, said the increase was a concern, but also said the area is not a source of seafood and that the contamination posed no immediate threat to human health.
http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2061653,00.html
PART 28-1:
Bloomberg:
Food Contamination May Climb as Japan Fights Radiation Crisis
By Jae Hur - Mar 28, 2011 12:50 PM GMT+0900
Radioactive contamination in food is likely to increase as Japan enters a third straight week of battling the biggest nuclear-energy crisis since Chernobyl...
Among products found to be contaminated, red-leaf lettuce in Ibaraki prefecture had 2,300 Becquerels per kilogram of iodine-131, exceeding the ministry’s limit of 2,000 Becquerels. Parsley in Chiba on March 22 had a reading as high as 3,100 Becquerels and spinach as high as 3,500 Becquerels on March 24, according to data on the health ministry’s website.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-27/food-contamination-set-to-rise-as-japan-fights-radiation-crisis-at-reactor.html
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