2011 and 1937 (2011 et 1937)
It is a little surprise for me to find that such a new year card was actually used in Japan in 1937:
And in 1938:
SECTION I: Foreign Born Population (Issue of 2011)
The recent shooting in Norway might be a precursor to the UK riots in this summer.
It should be also noted that riots occurred in France in 2005 and 2010.
The ratio of foreign-born immigrants:
1. Sweden - 14.4%
2．Spain - 14.3%
3．Germany - 12.9%
4．USA - 12.5%
5．France - 11.6%
6．UK - 11.3%
7．Norway - 10.9%
8．Italy - 7.1%...(of residing foreigners)
Table 2: Turks in Germany, 1973-2006
Table 3: Muslims in Norway, 1979-2005
Table 4: North Africans in France, 1957-2003
It is indeed true that more than 50 percent of Mexican immigrants in the U.S. are undocumented. Additionally, the largest foreign-born population living in the United States is comprised of both legal and illegal Mexican immigrants, according to the Migration Information Source. The next largest source of immigration to the U.S. comes from the Philippines.
It is true the ratio of foreigners permanently living in Japan is one-digit smaller than in the U.S. and European nations.
In 2005, there were 1,555,505 foreign residents permanently residing in Japan, representing 1.22% of the Japanese population.
The issue for Japan is rather shrinking population from 127 million of today's level. And, there is a general concern that many Chinese have come to stay in big cities of Japan on an illegally permanent basis. Except this controversial Chinese resident problem, no serious problems exist in Japan in terms of immigrants from Africa, Islamic nations, south Asian countries, and Latin America.
The point at issue is that unlike the U.S. and European nations Japanese businesses have moved their operation in a large scale wholly or partially to Taiwan, China, South Korea, Thailand, and other Asian nations and even to America and Europe. So, most of local Asians and Latin Americans do not have to come to Japan. They can find jobs in Japanese companies and factories in their own countries or in America or Europe. Even Africans might find jobs in Japanese companies operating in Europe, such as Sony.
From a historical point of view, the Roman Empire collapsed as it took so many foreign tribes in its national structure. Past Chinese dynasties were all taken over by a new dynasty through enervation and weakening caused by conflicts with other tribes and foreign invaders.
So, in a long-term scope, the immigrant situations in Western Europe and North America indicate a great change to come in future in the European-Christian dominant global regime, though it does not mean new hegemony to be held by Chinese or Muslims. But. it will be a change leading a full-scale greater change that would occur once in 2000 years.
SECTION II. Shanghai in 1937
From a Japanese point of view, WWII began four years before 1941 when the Imperial Navy of Japan attacked U.S. Naval bases in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
Before the summer of 1937, Chiang Kaishek's China and Nazi Germany had already developed their military cooperation, expecting decisive battles with the Empire of Japan.
Accordingly, Chiang Kaishek's China and Nazi Germany concluded a treaty for military cooperation in early 1930's. German generals and officers came to China to train Chinese soldiers, provide weapons, and guide Chinese generals and officers in drawing strategies against the Imperial troops.
The point at issue is that Shanghai had been an international city. France, the U.K., the U.S., and Japan had their own administrative zones in Shanghai. Chinese President Chiang Kaishek regarded Shanghai as a kind of foreign territory. Chiang wanted to drive out foreign troops stationed in Shanghai. Shanghai was a money center of China at the time. Big wealth was in Shanghai. So, Chiang, with help from German generals, made a plan to attack and invade Shanghai.
(Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-German_cooperation_(1911%E2%80%931941)
"Between 1911 and 1941, cooperation between Germany and China was instrumental in modernizing the industry and the armed forces of the Republic of China prior to the Second Sino-Japanese War.")
Chiang mobilized 650,000 soldiers and 200 military planes to attack and invade the international city Shanghai. In Shanghai, there stationed were just 2,800 American troops, 2,600 British troops, 2,050 French troops, 770 Italian troops, and 2,500 Marines of the Empire of Japan, all protecting 3.5 million residents in Shanghai. The areas in Shanghai directly governed by Americans and Europeans (with cooperation of Japanese) were called concessions, though in the concessions so many rich and poor Chinese were living to at least enjoy Shanghai's greatest prosperity in Asia of 1930's.
Subsequently, the Empire of Japan took up this huge challenge, eventually dispatching 250,000 soldiers from Japan proper or mainland Japan to Shanghai and carrying out long-distance air missions with 500 military planes flying over the East China Sea from Japan proper and Taiwan in addition to sending 130 Naval ships.
German weapons and strategies and a superior number of soldiers did not help Chiang Kaishek. In two months, Chinese troops were totally broken. They fled to Nanjing where Chiang Kaishek and other Chinese leaders were waiting for a report of victory in War of Shangahai. Tokyo was reluctant to allow the Imperial troops to advance deep into the inland of the Chinese Continent. But, the Imperial troops chased Chinese troops taking flight to Nanjing.
In this way, the War of Shanghai President Chiang Kaishek started with help of German generals in August 1937 ended with the fall of Nanjing in December 1937. In paths, roads, villages, fields, and hills between Shanghai and Nanjing over 300 km (190 miles) scattered were hundreds of thousands of dead bodies of Chinese soldiers. To avoid disgracing themselves in the world, Chinese leaders started to claim that the Imperial troops of Japan killed hundreds of thousands of citizens in Nanjing. But, the fact is that population of Nanjing before occupation by the Imperial troops was 200,000; after the Japanese occupation, it grew to 230,000.
So, these battles between Shanghai and Nanjing must be regarded as one War: the Shanghai-Nanjing War of 1937.
And, this War was between the Empire of Japan representing France, the U.K., Italy, and the U.S. that had then-legitimate interest in Shanghai and Chiang Kaishek's China that tied up with Nazi Germany.
Yet, after the Shanghai-Nanjing War of 1937 and the fall of Najing, the diplomatic relationships changed drastically.
In early 1938, Germany officially recognized Manchukuo as an independent nation. In April of that year, Hermann Göring banned the shipment of war materials to China and in May, German advisors were recalled to Germany at Japanese insistence.
This shift from a pro-China policy to a pro-Japan one was also damaging to German business interests, as Germany had far less economic exchange with either Japan or Manchukuo than China.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-German_cooperation_(1911%E2%80%931941)
The Tripartite Pact, also called the Three-Power Pact, Axis Pact, Three-way Pact or Tripartite Treaty was a pact signed in Berlin, Germany on September 27, 1940, which established the Axis Powers of World War II. The pact was signed by representatives of Germany (Adolf Hitler), Italy (foreign minister Galeazzo Ciano) and Japan (ambassador Saburo Kurusu).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripartite_Pact
What was more surprising for the Empire of Japan was that Chiang Kaishek turned to the U.S. to get full support.
Though it was also a long and complicated story, in December of 1941 the Imperial Navy of Japan had to eventually attack U.S. Naval bases in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, since Chiang Kaishek's and Mao Tse-tung's China got full support from the U.S.
Finally note that troops of the Empire of Japan was defending Shanghai from invading Chinese troops in August 1937, since Chinese military planes bombed international districts of Shanghai, killing so many Chinese residents.
Chinese planes' bombing of Shanghai in 1937 (Chinese today claimed that the Japanese military planes attacked the city. It is a lie, since Japanese troops were defending Shanghai with Americans and Europeans in addition to Judaists.):
Chinese planes' route avoiding direct engagement with Imperial Navy's cruiser Izumo in Chang Jiang (Long River) as shown below:
Imperial Navy's cruiser Izumo in Shanghai in 1937:
Shanghai in 1937:
Aerial View of Shanghai in 1930s:
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http://kabu2kaiba.blog119.fc2.com/blog-entry-294.html
The Battle around Shanghai resulted in the Battle in Nanjing in 1937; thus Imperial Army entered the then Chinese capital Nanjing while Nanjing citizens were abandoned by Chinese leaders and generals who fled to Chongqing though they could have surrendered to the Imperial Army or let Nanjing citizens flee before them...The situation between Shanghai and Nanjing from the summer to the winter of 1937 should be reviewed more carefully.
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Japan's Prime Minister Mr. Naoto Kan today finally expressed his own decision to step down when his party DPJ gets some key laws passed in the national Diet during this month.
So, he will resign at the end of August if early and possibly. His approval rating has been about 15% even in this season of anti-nuclear power in Japan due to the history of suffering atomic bomb attacks in August of 1945. PM Mr. Kan recently proposed decrease in reliance on nuclear power, so that he could have obtained more support from voters. But, the pubic have already doubted Mr. Kan's sincerity and ability in pursuing his own policy. As the ruling party DPJ would not put an end to the Kan Cabinet, the approval rating of the DPJ has also dropped. Now, it is presumed that the DPJ will lose power in the next general election. The conservative, pro-American party LDP is expected to take over power though they were defeated in the 2009 election by the DPJ.
This expected power shift in Japan from the socialistic camp to the conservative camp that respects Japan's traditional value system might suggest power shift in the U.S. through the 2012 Presidential Election. In America, a conservative camp might succeed in holding presidency in 2013.
Japan's Prime Minister Naoto Kan's Approval Rating by The Asahi Shimbun newspaper:
(It was a big incident to parties concerned, but subsequent riots might erase the memory from the pubic...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3nO0lKDNirI&feature=related)
Mar 8:10 And straightway he entered into a ship with his disciples, and came into the parts of Dalmanutha.
Mar 8:11 And the Pharisees came forth, and began to question with him, seeking of him a sign from heaven, tempting him.
Mar 8:12 And he sighed deeply in his spirit, and saith, Why doth this generation seek after a sign? verily I say unto you, There shall no sign be given unto this generation.
Mar 8:13 And he left them, and entering into the ship again departed to the other side.