Relics Associated with Jesus
[Updated on Dec. 25, 2011]
Not only the Shroud of Turin. but also the Sudarium of Oviedo, or Shroud of Oviedo, is an important relic belived to have been used for burial of Christ Jesus.
The Second International Conference on the Sudarium of Oviedo
Oviedo, Spain, 13-15 April 2007
The first International Congress on the Sudarium was held thirteen years ago, and given that direct hands-on investigation and other reseach has been continuous since that time, there was plenty of new material to digest and hear...
The sample from the Sudarium was dated to around 700 AD...
Finally, the history of the Sudarium is very well established and there are definite references to its presence in Jerusalem in AD 570 and at the beginning of the fifth century. DNA studies on the linen of the Sudarium are also underway, under the supervision of Manuel Rey (who works at Newbiotechnic in Seville) and Enrique Monte (Department of Microbiology and Genetics at the >University of Salamanca). These studies are just beginning and the presentation was more about what they hope to obtain than actual results. Their aim is to able to pinpoint the geographical area where the linen came from.
The talk about DNA studies on blood samples from the Sudarium generated a lot of excitement. Antonio Alonso from the National Institute of Forensic Science and Toxicology has analysed blood samples and tried to establish if a DNA chain can be established. Attempts to identify nuclear DNA (i.e. DNA contained within the nucleus) were unsuccessful, but he was able to identify a human mitichondrial DNA – in other words, human DNA from the blood on the cloth. However, Alonso recommended great caution and would not show the actual DNA results for two reasons – it could very well belong to anybody who has handled the cloth over the centuries, and he wished to avoid sensationalist headlines of the “DNA of Christ” kind. Studies will continue.http://www.shroud.com/pdfs/n65part6.pdf
Shroud of Oviedo
Though it is difficult to match the two relics with each other, even the Vatican is engaged in pursuit of truth at least to some extent.
The radiocarbon dating test conducted in 1988 with the Shroud of Turin tells that it was created between 1260 and 1390, which disappointed many people in the world.
Here I can present a new theory about the Shroud of Turin.
There has been misunderstanding about the negative image and the positive image of the shroud.
It is said that an Italian cameraman first discovered the true image, namely the positive image, on the shroud in 1988.
On May 25, 1898, after the opening ceremony and during the noon closure of the exhibition, Pia set up equipment in Turin Cathedral...
On the evening of May 28, Pia returned for a second session at about 9:30pm and took a few more exposures. Based on his experience of May 25, he varied the exposure times and the lighting. At around midnight, the three men went back to develop the plates. Pia later said that he almost dropped and broke the photographic plate in the darkroom from the shock of what appeared on it: the reverse plate showed the image of a man and a face that could not be seen with the naked eye.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondo_Pia
http://www.gnosticliberationfront.com/sudarium_of_oviedo_and_the.htm
They say the left-hand side image is a negative as seen on the shroud, and the right-hand side image is a positive as taken on a film, though it must be ordinarily called a "negative." So, they say that what is on the shroud is a negative and thus the shroud worked as a film to the person laying under it.
Yet, I think the image on the shroud is a positive and the image on the film taken by the Italian cameraman 100 years ago is a negative as it ought to be.
Look at the above two pictures. The left-hand side picture looks more like a living man but the right-hand side one looks too horrible as it must be a negative.
And, they found the shroud material was made around 1300 apart from exact authenticity of the radioactive carbon dating test.
With the two thing, the image on the shroud must be in theory a negative and the shroud material was made around 1300, one hypothesis is possible: There is the true and original holy shroud elsewhere which has a negative image.
Specifically, the true shroud must have been covered with this shroud or the linen cloth now called the shroud of Turin. Think of how they wrapped the original shroud. In order for the shroud not to touch, contact, or overlap itself when it was folded or wrapped, another sheet of linen cloth must be put on it tightly. Yes, on the real and true holy shroud, another linen cloth must be placed tightly so that no touching of its part with other part could be prevented.
Therefore, as the original and true holy shroud had a negative image, the added linen cloth took a negative image of it, namely a positive of the original image of the person who had been under the true holy shroud.
So, the Shroud of Turin is a miracle copy of the true one created through its direct, coherent, and probably pressed contact with the true one. And it was made around 1300. But why around 1300?
Probably the 7th April, 30, or perhaps the 3rd April, 33
Crucifixion of Jesus outside Jerusalem. Three days later His female followers seems to have seen something extraordinary in His tomb as so advised by an angel:
And he said unto them, Be not amazed: you seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified: he is risen; he is not here: behold the place where they laid him. - Mark 16:6
"Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes [othonia] lie, and the napkin [soudarion], that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself" (John 20:6–7, KJV).
~ 57
Ma'nu VI inherits the throne of Edessa. Return to paganism, and persecution of the Christians
~ 326
Helena, mother of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great, (born at Trier in 265, died at Nicomedia in 327), goes to Palestine to find the relics of Jesus. She is reported to have discovered the nails of the Passion, the Cross, and the tunic that she donates to the town of Trier. The narrative of her quest, is written by Eusebius of Caesarea (265-340) in his book 'Ecclesiastical History'
In 544 AD, in the city of Edessa, a folded burial cloth bearing an image, believed to be of Jesus, was found above a gate in the city's walls. We know from various history sources that the cloth was a burial shroud with a faint full-body image of Jesus and bloodstains positioned on the image...
943 - 944
Siege of Edessa by the Emperor of Byzantium. The image of Edessa is given to him in exchange for his lifting the siege, together with the payment of a large sum of money, and the liberation of Muslim prisoners
The Mandylion, the name given by the Byzantians to the image of Edessa, leaves for Samosate and then Constantinople
On August 15, 944 AD, the Image of Edessa was forcibly transferred from Edessa to the Byzantine capital city of Constantinople. It clearly was a burial cloth with a full image and bloodstains...
Illustrations in an 1192 codex, known as the Hungarian Pray Manuscript, show Jesus being prepared for burial and the scene of the empty tomb. The drawing depicts several features consistent with the Shroud of Turin: the unique herringbone twill, a specific pattern of burn holes that antedate the much later fire in 1532 which nearly destroyed the Shroud, Jesus depicted naked with his hands crossed before him, hands with no visible thumbs.
In 1204, French and Venetian knights of the Fourth Crusade besieged the city
Constantinople and on April 13 entered and looted the city. The Edessa Image certainly seems to have been among the treasures taken by the looters.
~ 1205Between the French crusaders' attacking Constantinople and the shroud's appearance in Lirey, France, the true shroud must have been covered with a linen cloth matching its size so tightly and directly. The original image must have been naturally copied to this attached linen cloth. And, a French crusader took it to his home town in France. He must have known that it was a copy, though mysterious one. That is why he did not advertise the circumstances in which the linen cloth had come into his hand. Even he must not have been sure about its authenticity for himself.
The Holy Shroud is probably at Athens
~ 1350
First display of the Holy Shroud at Lirey (Champagne, France)
1353
The knight, Chevalier Geoffrey I de Charny, obtains from the French King, Jean le Bon, a grant to found the Collegiate Church at Lirey
1354
The Holy Shroud is entrusted to the Collegiate Church at Lirey
1453
The Holy Shroud is transferred to Duke Louis de Savoie by Marguerite de Charny, and moved to Chambery.
1532
Fire in the Holy Chapel at Chambery during the night of 3 to 4 December ; The Holy Shroud is damaged by the fire, and by the water used to fight the fire.
1578
14th of September : the Holy Shroud arrives to stay permanently in Turin.
1988
Carbon 14 dating indicates that the Shroud dates between 1260 et 1390.
1997
Scientific Symposium of Nice : Confirmation that the formation of the image on the Turin Shroud is not the work of man
Then, where is the original and true holy shroud? From the above timeline, we may assume it is in Greece.
Mount Athos (Greek pronunciation: [ˈaθos]) is a mountain and peninsula in Macedonia, Greece. A World Heritage Site, it is home to 20 Eastern Orthodox monasteries and forms a self-governed monastic state within the sovereignty of the Hellenic Republic. Spiritually, Mount Athos comes under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople...
The chroniclers Theophanes the Confessor (end of 8th century) and Georgios Kedrenos (11th century) wrote that the 726 eruption of the Thera volcano was visible from Mount Athos, proving that it was inhabited at the time. The historian Genesios recorded that monks from Athos participated at the 7th Ecumenical Council of Nicaea of 787. Around 860, the famous monk Efthymios the Younger came to Athos and a number of monk-huts ("skete of Saint Basil") were created around his habitation, possibly near Krya Near. During the reign of emperor Basil I the Macedonian, the former Archbishop of Crete (and later of Thessaloniki) Basil the Confessor built a small monastery at the place of the modern harbour ("arsanas") of Hilandariou Monastery. Soon after this, a document of 883 states that a certain Ioannis Kolovos built a monastery at Megali Vigla.
On a chrysobull of emperor Basil I, dated 885, the Holy Mountain is proclaimed a place of monks, and no laymen or farmers or cattle-breeders are allowed to be settled there...
The Fourth Crusade in the 13th century brought new Roman Catholic overlords which forced the monks to complain and ask for the intervention of Pope Innocent III, until the restoration of the Byzantine Empire came. The peninsula was raided by Catalan mercenaries in the 14th century, a century that also saw the theological conflict over the hesychasm practised on Mount Athos and defended by Gregory Palamas.
The Byzantine Empire was conquered in the 15th century and the newly established Islamic Ottoman Empire took its place. The Athonite monks tried to maintain good relations with the Ottoman Sultans and therefore when Murad II conquered Thessaloniki in 1430 they immediately pledged allegiance to him. In return, Murad recognized the monasteries' properties, something which Mehmed II formally ratified after the fall of Constantinople in 1453. In this way the Athonite independence was somewhat guaranteed.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Athos#AntiquityIndeed, Mt. Athos is close to Constantinople.
(to be continued...)
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A Hokkaido University researcher has given a warning of another M9.0 earthquake to occur in Japan within this year.http://bit.ly/uFRSdX
Some radio transmission or electromagnetic waves in the air is said t be effected by a large scale change or movement of rock and soil, if so subtle, under the ground or the seabed months, weeks, or days before real occurrence of a big earthquake..
So, it can happen again, another 3/11-class large earthquake in the Northwest Pacific Ocean off Honsyu Island of Japan.
One thing to take heed of is the need that we have to be still on watch in Japan.
Mar 11:7 And they brought the colt to Jesus, and cast their garments on him; and he sat upon him.
Mar 11:8 And many spread their garments in the way: and others cut down branches off the trees, and strawed them in the way.
Mar 11:9 And they that went before, and they that followed, cried, saying, Hosanna; Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord: