Invisible Man in 1952
An African American man published a novel in 1952, which was called "the most impressive work of fiction by an American Negro" in The New York Times.
Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man shows a kind of internal conflicts among African American men and in an African American man against the background of irresponsible dominance of white men in the American society.
The protagonist, a young African American man, of the novel eventually did not trust socialism, African American human rights movement, and Christian churches but his own judgement on the situation.
The one who did the most harmful thing to the protagonist was the black president of a university in a small Southern town for African Americans where he studied before moving to New York. But the one who triggered the tragic event for the protagonist was a white board member of the university who came to visit the university from New York.
So, this story suggests that black men have two enemies, rich and dominant white men and rich and successful black men who serve rich and dominant white men.
Barack Obama became US president only after the 2001 9/11 Terror and the 2008 Financial Crisis, because even ordinary white men found that they had their enemies in rich and dominant white men.
But as today ordinary white men are satisfied with remoteness of Islamic terror in the US and recovered economy, they have opted to have a white president, Trump, who is, though, very rich and biased in his social philosophy.
African American men seem to have to continue their experiments in their struggle to establish their kingdom like the protagonist of Invisible Man.
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Mar 8:13 And he left them, and entering into the ship again departed to the other side.
Mar 8:14 Now the disciples had forgotten to take bread, neither had they in the ship with them more than one loaf.
Mar 8:15 And he charged them, saying, Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, and of the leaven of Herod.