Wednesday, February 12, 2014

"immediately he arose, took up the bed" - In the Milky Way


Tokyo Suburbs

In the Milky Way

If the location of our solar system was closer or farther to the center of the Milky Way that it is actually, there is a strong possibility that the earth could not generate living things, including the human species.
Galactic habitable zone

In astrobiology and planetary astrophysics, the galactic habitable zone is the region of a galaxy in which life is most likely to develop. More specifically, the concept of a galactic habitable zone incorporates various factors, such as metallicity and the rate of major catastrophes such as supernovae, in order to calculate which regions of the galaxy are more likely to form terrestrial planets, initially develop simple life, and provide a suitable environment for this life to evolve and advance.[1] For the Milky Way this region is commonly believed to be an annulus with an outer radius of about 10 kiloparsecs and an inner radius close to the Galactic Center, both of which lack hard boundaries.[1][2]

In order to identify a location in the galaxy as being a part of the galactic habitable zone, a variety of factors must be accounted for. These include the distribution of stars and spiral arms, the presence or absence of an active galactic nucleus, the frequency of nearby supernovae that can threaten the existence of life, the metallicity of that location, and other factors.[9] Without fulfilling these factors, a region of the galaxy cannot create or sustain life with efficiency.

In addition to specific amounts of the various stable elements that comprise a terrestrial planet's mass, an abundance of radionuclides such as 40K, 235U, 238U, and 232Th is required in order to heat the planet's interior and power life-sustaining processes such as plate tectonics, volcanism, and a geomagnetic dynamo.[9] 
The galactic habitable zone is often viewed as an annulus 4–10 kpc from the galactic center, though in reality it is quite different.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactic_habitable_zone

However the earth must be also positioned at an adequate distance from the sun within the solar system to generate life forms.

But after primitive living things, namely bacteria, appeared on the earth, there came a critical situation about three billion years ago.  It was because some types of bacteria started photosynthesis to produce oxygen.  But most of bacteria were anaerobic.  And a behavior of these anaerobic bacteria decided the course of evolution of creatures on the earth.

There were many ways for anaerobic bacteria to avoid bad effect of oxygen those new types of bacteria caused.  But the anaerobic bacteria took a course of co-existing with oxygen-producing bacteria.  First anaerobic bacteria ate aerobic bacteria. But as time went by, an anaerobic bacterium started to let an aerobic one live inside it.  The former received energy from the latter while the latter was protected and fed by the former.  This symbiotic status led to evolution from bacteria to eukaryotic species.  This eukaryote grew to multicellular organisms.
Eukaryotic cells 
Temporal range: 1.6–2.1 billion years ago (possibly as early as 2.7 billion years ago) – Present 
A eukaryote is any organism whose cells contain anucleus and other structures (organelles) enclosed within membranes. 
Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria or the Golgi apparatus. 
Many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes, such as protozoa. All multicellular organisms are eukaryotes, including animals, plants and fungi.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote
So, our body is a result of a symbiotic relationship between an anaerobic and an aerobic bacteria which resulted, two billion years ago, from a decision anaerobic bacteria made in order to survive in an earth environment with increasing density of oxygen due to wider spread of aerobic bacteria.

But if anaerobic bacteria had found other solutions to adopt them for their survival than the  symbiotic relationship, there should have been no emergence of eukaryotic species and eukaryotic cells which constitute our body eventually.

So, from the scale of a galaxy to that of a bacterium, our existence depends on various critical conditions.

That is why human species cannot exist without interference by God.



(to be continued...)





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Mar 2:12 And immediately he arose, took up the bed, and went forth before them all; insomuch that they were all amazed, and glorified God, saying, We never saw it on this fashion.